How Does a Garage Door Spring Work: Torsion vs Extension
Published Date: Sep 9, 2025
Garage door maintenance starts with understanding the basics — one of the most common questions is: how does a garage door spring work? These springs do more than most people realize. They carry the weight of your garage door, helping it move safely and smoothly every time you open or close it. In this guide, we’ll cover the essentials of how garage door springs function. We’ll also explain the key differences between torsion and extension types so you’ll know what to expect and when to bring in a trusted professional.
What Do Garage Door Springs Do?
So, what does a garage door spring do? Basically, garage door springs do the heavy lifting. They counterbalance (even out) the full weight of the door, making it possible to open and close it with ease. Without them, even the strongest opener wouldn’t be able to move the door safely. These springs store energy when the
door closes and release it to help lift it open again.
Garage doors rely on two main types of springs: torsion and extension. Both are designed to lift and lower the door, but they work differently to get the job done.
How Do Torsion Garage Door Springs Work?
When it comes to the question, “How do garage door springs work?” torsion springs are a perfect example. They’re mounted above the garage door on a metal shaft. As the door closes, the spring coils tighter, storing energy by creating torque. When the door opens, that stored energy is released, turning the shaft and helping lift the door evenly and smoothly.
Known for their durability and smooth performance, torsion springs are often preferred for heavier doors or homes that see a lot of garage use. That said, even high-quality springs wear out over time. If your door feels jerky or seems unbalanced, it might be a sign of a worn or broken torsion spring. Visit our garage door spring repair services page for expert help.
How Do Extension Garage Door Springs Work?
Extension springs are located along both sides of the garage door. As the door closes, these springs stretch and store energy. When it opens, that energy is released as the springs contract, pulling the door upward with tension.
You’ll often find extension springs in older or budget-friendly residential setups, and they typically cost less upfront. Since they stretch every time you use your garage door, they can wear out more quickly than torsion springs. This might lead to balance problems or noisy movement over time.
Want to prevent issues before they start? Take a look at our simple spring maintenance tips.
How Do Garage Door Springs Work in the Full System?
Your garage door doesn’t rely on springs alone. It’s part of a system that also includes cables, rollers, drums, and the opener — all working together to move the door smoothly along its track. The springs provide the lifting force, the cables and drums manage tension and balance, and the rollers guide the door along its tracks.
Ever wonder, “What do garage door springs do when it comes to the opener?” The opener starts the motion, but it’s the springs that carry most of the door’s weight. If the springs weaken or break, the opener can’t do the job alone.
Keep an eye out for warning signs. If you hear a loud snap, see the door drop suddenly, or notice it won’t stay open, your springs may need attention. Delaying repairs could lead to more serious and costly problems.
Summing Up
So, now you know the answer to a common question: “How does a garage door spring work?” Since springs are essential to your garage door’s safety and performance, catching issues early can help you avoid costly repairs.
If you’ve noticed your door moving unevenly or the springs look worn, it might be time to bring in a professional. At Up & Down Garage Doors, we’re here to keep your system safe, reliable, and working the way it should. Get in touch today — we’ll make sure your door works safely and reliably.
